Q: What is the prime factorization of the number 31?

 A:
  • The prime factors are: 31
    • or also written as { 31 }
  • Written in exponential form: 311

Why is the prime factorization of 31 written as 311?

What is prime factorization?

Prime factorization or prime factor decomposition is the process of finding which prime numbers can be multiplied together to make the original number.

Finding the prime factors of 31

To find the prime factors, you start by dividing the number by the first prime number, which is 2. If there is not a remainder, meaning you can divide evenly, then 2 is a factor of the number. Continue dividing by 2 until you cannot divide evenly anymore. Write down how many 2's you were able to divide by evenly. Now try dividing by the next prime factor, which is 3. The goal is to get to a quotient of 1.

If it doesn't make sense yet, let's try it...

Here are the first several prime factors: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29...

Let's start by dividing 31 by 2

31 ÷ 2 = 15.5 - This has a remainder. Let's try another prime number.
31 ÷ 3 = 10.3333 - This has a remainder. Let's try another prime number.
31 ÷ 5 = 6.2 - This has a remainder. Let's try another prime number.
...
Keep trying increasingly larger numbers until you find one that divides evenly.
...
31 ÷ 31 = 1 - No remainder! 31 is one of the factors!

The orange divisor(s) above are the prime factors of the number 31. If we put all of it together we have the factors 31 = 31. It can also be written in exponential form as 311.

Factor Tree

Another way to do prime factorization is to use a factor tree. Below is a factor tree for the number 31.

More Prime Factorization Examples

29303233
29121 x 31 x 512531 x 111

Try the factor calculator

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